国家经贸委、中国人民银行关于实施债权转股权若干问题的意见
国家经贸委 中国人民银行
国家经贸委、中国人民银行关于实施债权转股权若干问题的意见
国家经贸委 中国人民银行
国务院决定,国有商业银行组建金融资产管理公司,依法处置银行原有的不良信贷资产。同时,为支持国有大中型企业实现三年改革与脱困的目标,金融资产管理公司作为投资主体实行债权转股权,企业相应增资减债,优化资产负债结构。为此,经国务院同意,特提出关于实施债权转
股权若干问题的意见。
一、目的和原则
1.盘活商业银行不良资产,加快不良资产的回收,增加资产流动性,防范和化解金融风险。
2.加快实现债权转股权的国有大中型亏损企业转亏为盈。
3.促进企业转换经营机制,加快建立现代企业制度。
实施债权转股权要与贯彻国家产业政策、优化经济结构相结合,促进企业技术进步和产品升级,增强企业竞争力,提高经济增长质量和效益。
二、选择企业的范围与条件
按照高标准、严要求的精神,目前选择债权转股权企业的范围和条件如下:
(一)选择企业的范围
1.“七五”、“八五”期间和“九五”前两年主要依靠商业银行贷款(包括外币贷款)建成投产,因缺乏资本金和汇率变动等因素,负债过高导致亏损,难以归还贷款本息,通过债权转股权后可转亏为盈的工业企业。
2.国家确定的521户重点企业中因改建、扩建致使负债过重,造成亏损或虚盈实亏,通过优化资产负债结构可转亏为盈的工业企业。
3.被选企业同时应是1995年及以前年度向商业银行贷款形成不良债务的工业企业。有些地位重要、困难很大的企业,时限可以延至1996、1997、1998年。
4.工业企业直接负债方,作为债权转股权的企业,必须具有独立企业法人资格。
5.选择个别商贸企业,进行债权转股权企业的试点。
(二)被选企业必须具备的条件
1.产品品种适销对路(国内有需求、可替代进口、可批量出口),质量符合要求,有市场竞争力。
2.工艺装备为国内、国际先进水平,生产符合环保要求。
3.企业管理水平较高,债权债务清楚,财务行为规范,符合“两则”要求。
4.企业领导班子强,董事长、总经理善于经营管理。
5.转换经营机制的方案符合现代企业制度的要求,各项改革措施有力,减员增效、下岗分流的任务落实并得到地方政府确认。
被选企业必须具备上述条件。凡不具备条件的企业应先行整顿,特别是领导班子达不到要求的,必须进行调整。
三、选择企业的操作程序
1.国家经贸委按照选择范围和条件,严格把关,防止一哄而起。要在征求有关部门意见的基础上,通过双向选择,初步提出企业名单;组织国家有关部门和商业银行到企业调查了解生产经营、资产负债、市场销售、企业管理和内部改革等情况,向金融资产管理公司提出符合条件的企
业的建议名单。商业银行及金融资产管理公司也要向国家经贸委提供被剥离的不良信贷资产企业的情况,并就债权转股权问题交换意见。
2.金融资产管理公司对建议名单中的企业经过独立评审,确认实施债权转股权的企业名单。评审中,要防止行政干预。必要时,可委托国内外中介机构评估、论证。
3.国家经贸委、财政部、中国人民银行对金融管理公司确认的企业债权转股权的条件、方案,联合进行严格审核后,报国务院批准实施。
四、金融资产管理公司与企业的关系
1.金融资产管理公司在债权转股权后,即成为企业的股东,对企业持股或控股,派员参加企业董事会、监事会,参与企业重大决策,但不参与企业的日常生产经营活动。
2.企业按照《中华人民共和国公司法》规定进行改制,并认真建立规范的法人治理结构,重新进行工商注册登记。
3.金融资产管理公司持有的股权,可按有关规定向境内外投资者转让,也可由债权转股权企业依法回购;符合上市条件的企业,可以上市。关系国计民生且国家必须控股的企业,在转让或上市时,要保证国家控股。
五、职责分工
1.国家经贸委综合协调债权转股权的各项工作,组织指导企业制定债权转股权方案和建立现代企业制度。
2.中国人民银行会同财政部对各债权银行及其金融资产管理公司剥离和处置不良资产实施监管。当债权转股权企业在多家商业银行同时贷款时,由最大债权人负责牵头,采取集体工作方式,有效进行债权转股权的工作。
3.财政部会同中国人民银行制定金融资产管理公司不良资产处置考核办法;各级财政部门按企业隶属关系办理债权转股权企业的产权变更登记手续。
各级财政部门要加强对债权转股权企业和社会中介机构的财政监督。企业和社会审计机构必须保证会计财务报表的真实性和完整性。
4.中国证监会依法受理实施债权转股权企业的上市申请,加快审批。
5.各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府要积极支持企业债权转股权工作,涉及企业资产重组过程中分离非经营性资产、职工下岗分流等企业改革事项,要采取措施,确保提供必要的条件。
债权转股权是一项新的政策性很强的工作,没有现成的经验,需要在实践中探索。实施过程中,拟按先易后难、由点到面的原则,集中力量首先抓好几个企业,通过试点取得经验,而后推广,并对本意见加以补充、修改,同时尽快制定和完善有关法规。
国家开发银行不组建金融资产管理公司,其实施债权转股权工作参照本意见办理。
1999年7月30日
MERCHANT SHIPPING (LIABILITY AND COMPENSATION FOR OIL POLLUTION) ORDINANCE ——附加英文版
Hong Kong
MERCHANT SHIPPING (LIABILITY AND COMPENSATION FOR OIL POLLUTION) ORDINANCE
(CHAPTER 414)
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
ion
I PRELIMINARY
hort title
nterpretation
ertificate as to parties to Conventions
alculation of tonnage
II LIABILITY FOR OIL POLLUTION AND COMPULSORY INSURANCE
nterpretation of Part II
iability for oil pollution
xceptions from liability under section 6
estriction of liability for oil pollution
imitation of liability under section 6
Limitation actions
Restriction on enforcement of claims after establishment of
limitation
fund
Concurrent liabilities of owners and others
Establishment of limitation fund outside Hong Kong
Extinguishment of claims under Part II
Compulsory insurance against liability for oil pollution
Issue of certificate by Director
Rights of third parties against insurers
Jurisdiction of Hong Kong courts and registration of foreign
judgments
Warships, etc.
Liability for cost of preventive measures where section 6 does
not
apply
Saving for recourse actions
III THE INTERNATIONAL OIL POLLUTION COMPENSATION FUND
Interpretation of Part III
Contributions to the Fund
Power to obtain information
Liability of the Fund for pollution damage
Indemnification of ship owner where ship registered in Fund
Convention
country
Effect of judgments
Extinguishment of claims under Part III
Subrogation and rights of recourse
IV MISCELLANEOUS
Offences by bodies corporate
Fees
Amendments, Savings and Repeals
dule 1. Overall limit on liability of Fund
dule 2. (Omitted)
rdinance to provide for compensation for pollution caused
by the
harge or escape of oil from oil-carrying ships and for the
liability
hipowners; for compulsory insurance in respect of such liability;
for
ributions by oil importers and others to the International
Fund for
ensation for Oil Pollution Damage; for the liability of the
Fund in
ain circumstances for such pollution; for the
indemnification of
owners by the Fund; and for incidental or related matters.
January 1991] L. N. 13 of 1991
PART I Preliminary
hort title
Ordinance may be cited as the Merchant Shipping
(Liability and
ensation for Oil Pollution) Ordinance.
nterpretation
In this Ordinance, unless the context otherwise requires--
t" includes expenses;
ntry" includes any territory;
rt" means the High Court or a judge thereof;
age" includes loss;
ector" means the Director of Marine;
d Convention" means the International Convention on the
establishment
n International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage
opened
signature in Brussels on 18 December 1971;
g Kong ship" means a ship registered in Hong Kong;
bility Convention" means the International Convention
on Civil
ility for Oil Pollution Damage opened for signature in Brussels
on 29
mber 1969;
er", in relation to a ship, means the person or persons registered
as
owner of the ship or, in the absence of registration, the
person or
ons owning the ship, except that in relation to a ship owned
by a
e which is operated by a person registered as the ship's operator,
it
s the person registered as its operator; (Amended 74 of 1990 s.
104
lution damage" means damage caused outside a ship carrying
oil by
amination resulting from the discharge or escape of oil from the
ship,
ever the discharge or escape may occur, and includes the
cost of
entive measures and damage caused by preventive measures;
ventive measures" means any reasonable measures taken by any
person
r a discharge or escape of oil from a ship to prevent or
reduce
ution damage;
p" means any sea-going vessel or seaborne craft of
any type
soever, carrying oil in bulk as cargo;
cial drawing rights" means units of account used by the
International
tary Fund and known as special drawing rights;
minal installation" means any site for the storage of oil in
bulk
h is capable of receiving oil from waterborne
transportation,
uding any facility situated offshore and linked to any such site.
For the purposes of this Ordinance, where more than one
discharge or
pe results from the same occurrence or from a series of
occurrences
ng the same origin, they shall be treated as one; but any
measures
n after the first of them shall be deemed to have been taken after
the
harge or escape.
References in this Ordinance to the area of any country include
the
itorial sea of that country.
ertificate as to parties to Conventions
rtificate signed by the Governor and certifying that a State
specified
he certificate--
is a party to the Liability Convention in respect of a
country
ified in the certificate; or
is a party to the Fund Convention in respect of a country specified
in
certificate,
l be conclusive evidence of the matters contained therein and
shall in
legal proceedings under this Ordinance to which it
relates be
ssible on its production and without further proof.
alculation of tonnage
the purposes of this Ordinance, the tonnage of a ship
shall be
rtained as follows--
where the register tonnage of the ship has been or can be
ascertained
ccordance with the Merchant Shipping (Tonnage) Regulations
(App. I,
, the ship's tonnage shall be the register tonnage of the ship
as so
rtained but without making any deduction required by those
regulations
ny tonnage allowance for propelling machinery space;
where the ship is of a class or description with respect to which
no
ision is for the time being made by the Merchant Shipping
(Tonnage)
lations, the tonnage of the ship shall be taken to be 40%
of the
ht (expressed in tons of 2 240 lbs) of oil which the ship is
capable
arrying;
where the tonnage of the ship can not be ascertained in
accordance
either paragraph (a) or (b), the Director shall, if so directed
by
court in any proceedings, certify what, on the evidence
specified in
direction, would in his opinion be the tonnage of the
ship as
rtained in accordance with paragraph (a) or (b), as the case may
be,
he ship could be duly measured for the purpose; and the tonnage
stated
is certificate shall be taken to be the tonnage of the ship.
PART II LIABILITY FOR OIL POLLUTION AND COMPULSORY INSURANCE
nterpretation of Part II
In this Part--
bility Convention country" means a country in respect of
which the
ility Convention is in force; and
bility Convention State" means a State which is a party
to the
ility Convention.
In relation to any pollution damage resulting from the
discharge or
pe of any oil carried in a ship references in this Part to the
owner
he ship are references to the owner at the time of the
occurrence
lting in the discharge or escape or, if there is more than one
such
rrence, at the time of the first of such occurrences.
References in this Part to the Merchant Shipping Act 1979 (1979
c. 39
.) are references to that Act as it applies in Hong Kong.
iability for oil pollution
Where, as a result of any occurrence taking place while a
ship is
ying a cargo of persistent oil in bulk, any persistent oil carried
by
ship (whether as part of the cargo or otherwise) is
discharged or
pes from the ship, the owner of the ship shall be liable, except
as
rwise provided by this Ordinance, for any pollution damage
caused in
Kong.
Where--
a liability arises under subsection (1); and
the discharge or escape by reason of which the liability arose
also
lts in pollution damage in the area of a Liability Convention
country
r than Hong Kong, the owner of the ship concerned shall also be
liable
r subsection (1) for that damage as if the damage had occurred
in Hong
.
Where persistent oil is discharged or escapes from 2 or more
ships
-
a liability is incurred under this section by the owner of
each of
; but
the pollution damage for which each of the owners would, apart
from
subsection, be liable cannot reasonably be separated from that
for
h the other or others would be liable,
of the owners shall be liable, jointly with the other or others,
for
whole of that damage for which the owners together would be
liable
r this section.
Section 21 of the Law Amendment and Reform (Consolidation)
Ordinance
. 23) shall apply in relation to any pollution damage for
which a
on is liable under this section, but which is not due to his fault,
as
t were due to his fault.
xceptions from liability under section 6
owner of a ship from which persistent oil has been discharged or
has
ped shall not incur any liability under section 6 if he proves
that
discharge or escape--
resulted from an act of war, hostilities, civil war,
insurrection or
xceptional, inevitable and irresistible natural phenomenon; or
was due wholly to anything done or left undone by another person,
not
g a servant or agent of the owner, with intent to do damage; or
was due wholly to the negligence or wrongful act of a
government or
r authority in exercising its function of maintaining lights or
other
gational aids for the maintenance of which it was responsible.
estriction of liability for oil pollution
e, as a result of any occurrence taking place while a ship is
carrying
rgo of persistent oil in bulk, any persistent oil carried by the
ship
ther as part of the cargo or otherwise) is discharged or escapes
then,
her or not the owner incurs a liability under section 6,--
he shall not be liable otherwise than under that section for any
such
ution damage as is mentioned therein; and
no servant or agent of the owner and no person performing
salvage
ations with the agreement of the owner shall be liable for any
such
ge.
imitation of liability under section 6
e the owner of a ship incurs a liability under section 6 by reason
of
scharge or escape which occurred without his actual fault or
privity,
ay limit that liability in accordance with this Ordinance, and
if he
so his liability (that is to say, the aggregate of his
liabilities
r section 6 resulting from the discharge or escape) shall not
exceed--
133 special drawing rights for each ton of the ship's tonnage;
or
14,000,000 special drawing rights, whichever amount is the less.
Limitation actions
Where the owner of a ship has or is alleged to have
incurred a
ility under section 6 he may apply to the court in accordance
with
s of court for the limitation of that liability to
an amount
rmined in accordance with section 9.
If on such an application the court finds that the
applicant has
rred such a liability and is entitled to limit it, the court
shall
rmine the limit of the liability and direct payment into court
of the
nt of that limit, and shall then
determine the amounts that would, apart from the limit, be
due in
ect of the liability to the several persons making claims
in the
eedings under this section; and
direct the distribution of the amount paid into court (or, as the
case
be, so much of it as does not exceed the liability) among
those
ons in proportion to their claims subject to the following
provisions
his section.
A payment into court of the amount of a limit determined under
this
ion shall be made in Hong Kong dollars and--
for the purposes of converting such an amount from special
drawing
ts into Hong Kong dollars the Monetary Authority may certify, in
Hong
dollars, the respective amounts which are to be taken as
equivalent
a particular day to the sums expressed in special drawing
rights in
ion 9;
a certificate signed by or on behalf of the Monetary Authority
under
graph (a) shall be conclusive evidence of the matters
contained
ein and shall in legal proceedings under this Ordinance to
which it
tes be admissible on its production and without further proof.
nded 82 of 1992 s. 44)
No claim shall be made in proceedings under this section except
within
time as the court may direct or such further time as the court
may
w.
Where any sum has been paid in or towards satisfaction of any claim
in
ect of the pollution damage to which the liability referred
to in
ection (1) extends--
by the owner or the person referred to in section 17 as "the
insurer";
by a person who has or is alleged to have incurred a
liability,
rwise than under section 6, for that damage and who is
entitled to
t his liability in connection with the ship by virtue of the
Merchant
ping Act 1979 (1979 c. 39 U. K.), the person who paid the sum
shall,
he extent of that sum, be in the same position with respect to
any
ribution made in proceedings under this section as the person to
whom
as paid would, apart from this subsection, have been,
and the
ribution shall be made accordingly.
Where the owner who incurred the liability referred to in
subsection
has voluntarily made any reasonable sacrifice or taken
any other
onable measures to prevent or reduce pollution damage to
which the
ility extends or might have extended he shall be in the same
position
respect to any distribution made in proceedings under this
section as
e had established a claim in respect of the liability for an
amount
l to the cost of the sacrifice or other measures, and the
distribution
l be made accordingly.
The court may, if it thinks fit, postpone the distribution of
such
of the amount to be distributed as it deems appropriate having
regard
ny claims that may later be established before a court outside
Hong
.
Restriction on enforcement of claims after establishment of
limitation
e the court has found that a person who has incurred a liability
under
ion 6 is entitled to limit that liability to any amount and
he has
into court a sum not less than that amount--
the court shall order the release of any ship or other
property
sted in connection with a claim in respect of that liability or
any
rity given to prevent or obtain release from such an arrest; and
no judgment or decree for any such claim shall be enforced, except
so
as it is for costs,
sum paid into court, or such part thereof as corresponds to the
claim,
be actually available to the claimant or would have been available
to
if the proper steps in the proceedings under section 10
had been
n.
Concurrent liabilities of owners and others
e, as a result of any discharge or escape of persistent oil
from a
, he owner of the ship incurs a liability under section 6 and
any
r person incurs a liability, otherwise than under that section,
for
such pollution damage as is mentioned in subsection (1)
of that
ion, then, if--
the owner has been found, in proceedings under section 10,
to be
tled to limit his liability to any amount and has paid into
court a
not less than that amount; and
the other person is entitled to limit his liability in connection
with
ship by virtue of the Merchant Shipping Act 1979 (1979 c. 39 U.
K.),
roceedings shall be taken against the other person in respect of
his
ility, and if any such proceedings were commenced before the
owner
the sum into court, no further steps shall be taken
in the
eedings except in relation to costs.
Establishment of limitation fund outside Hong Kong
e the events resulting in the liability of any person under
section 6
result in a corresponding liability under the law of a
Liability
ention country other than Hong Kong, sections 11 and 12 shall
apply as
he references to sections 6 and 10 included references
to the
esponding provisions of that law and the references to sums paid
into
t included references to any sums secured under those
provisions in
ect of the liability.
Extinguishment of claims under Part II
ction to enforce a claim in respect of a liability incurred
under
ion 6 shall be brought in any court in Hong Kong unless the action
is
enced not later than 3 years after the claim arose and not later
than
ars after the occurrence or, if there is more than
one such
rrence, the first of such occurrences resulting in the
discharge or
pe by reason of which the liability was incurred.
Compulsory insurance against liability for oil pollution
Subject to section 19, subsection (2) applies to any ship carrying
in
a cargo of more than 2,000 tons of persistent oil as
defined in
lations made under this section.
A ship to which this subsection applies shall not enter or leave--
the waters of Hong Kong; or
if the ship is a Hong Kong ship, a port in any other country
or a
inal installation in the territorial sea of any other country,
unless
e is in force a certificate complying with subsection
(4) and
ifying that there is in force in respect of the ship a
contract of
rance or other security satisfying the requirements of Article
不分页显示 总共3页 1 [2] [3]
下一页